- Types of roads based on uses :
1. All weather roads :
A Weather Road is a road that is trafficable in all weather conditions. Typically this means a road that is constructed in such a way that excessive rain does not cause it to be flooded or sodden to such an extent that vehicles traveling over it are likely to become bogged.
2. Fairweather roads :
Roads that are negotiable only during fair weather are called fair weather roads.
- Types of roads based on carriageway :
1. Paved roads :
Flexible pavement roads include asphalt surfaced and/or chip seal surfaced roads. Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is commonly used on major urban streets and highways and delivers the smooth riding experience drivers have come to expect. Rigid pavements are typically those that include concrete components.
Examples: WBM roads, cement concrete roads, pre-mix carpet roads, etc.
2. Unpaved roads :
Unpaved roads mean not covered with a firm, level surface of asphalt, concrete, etc.: not paved an unpaved road.
- Types of roads based on the surface :
1. Surface roads :
Surfaced roads are the ones that have a gravel surface, chip seal, tarmac, or concrete. Paved roads made by a machine make available a hard, smooth, and flat surface to drive on. Asphalt driveways are the best examples of surfaced roads.
2. Unsurfaced roads :
Unsurfaced roads are not provided with a durable upper layer. Small, unsurfaced roads dipping through gullies and ravines are apt to get wiped out from flash flooding, and help in remote areas usually is slow in coming.
Examples: earth roads, gravel roads, etc.
- According to transport tonnage :
- Types of roads based on place and purpose:
1. National Highway (NH)
States' capitals and industrial cities are connected to harbors by national highways. A state highway is a road that connects a state's capital with its districts and towns. National highways are limited to 80 to 100 mph. There is a 60-80 kph speed limit on state highways.
The national highway system connects all major cities with the country's capital. There are hundreds of them running across the country. In the case of national highways, there is a minimum requirement of two lanes of traffic.
Major National Highways in India. According to the Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRTH), there are 599 National Highways in India.
2. State highway (SH)
There are two main highways that connect significant areas within a state: state highways and interstate highways. State highways ultimately connect to a national highway.
A state government in India maintains this network of roads. State Public Works Departments are responsible for constructing and maintaining these roads. Usually, state highways are roads that connect important centers of the population within a state with Interstate highways or state highways in neighboring states.
3. Major district roads (MDR)
District roads are provided within the cities and connect markets and production places to state and national highways.
There are major district roads connecting the neighboring district's headquarters with the main parts of the area, while minor district roads are built within the local area.
4. Other district roads (ODR)
Roads that connect rural areas with market centers, tahsil headquarters, block development headquarters, railway stations, etc., are known as Other District Roads.
There are fewer design specifications in this than in MDR.
5. Village roads
A village road connects a village or group of villages with another village or with a road of a higher category.
From the perspective of rural area development, these roads are very critical. Generally, they are unmetalled and have a single lane width of stabilized soil or gravel. Local district authorities are responsible for the construction and maintenance of these roads.
Related:
- TYPES OF ROADS
- Road Failures: Failure in the subgrade, and sub-base or Base course
- Road development in India
- Road development plans in India
- Pavement in Roads
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